Jadeite is one of the two minerals sold as jade (the other is nephrite). It ranges from white to pale green to deep jade green, and also comes in blue-green, lavender and pink, with colour and translucence that vary even within a single piece. Main sources include Myanmar, Guatemala, Japan, Russia, Kazakhstan, Canada and California. See the jade gemstone guide for more.
The Physical Properties of Jadeite
Jadeite is a dense mineral with a Mohs hardness of 6.5-7. It belongs to the pyroxene group of minerals, and its color is affected by the presence of other trace elements such as iron and chromium. Jadeite is created in metamorphic rocks when albite, a common mineral in the Earth's crust, breaks down under increasing pressure and relatively low pressure. Minerals associated with jadeite are quartz, serpentine, aragonite, muscovite, lawsonite, and glaucophane.
The History of Jadeite
The name is derived from the piedra de ijada, the Spanish phrase that means stone of the flank. Jade has been used for at least 10,000 years, and the earliest objects made from it were tools because jade is a very hard material that breaks to form sharp edges. Chinese craftsmen have been using it for more than 5,000 years. The artisans from China preferred the jade obtained from Myanmar, rather than Burma, as it was denser, harder, worked more easily, and produced a higher luster polishing. Chinese artisans saw this long before jadeite and nephrite were differentiated in 1863.
In the Neolithic era, jadeite was used to make axe heads. In Japan, jadeite beads and axes were traded throughout the Korean Peninsula and Japan. The Maya, Olmec, and indigenous peoples of Costa Rica used jadeite from Guatemala in the making of tools and jewelry.
The Lore of Jadeite
People of the East believed that the stone has a mythical force. Jadeite goods were kept in proximity because they were believed to benefit and protect the wearer. The stone was thought to be the predecessor of all gemstones, symbolizing wisdom, valor, courage, modesty, and mercy (all five virtues). Cultures from Central America kept jadeite close to them as a valued personal object. The Chinese called it yu, which means imperial or heavenly, and it was used on the tombs of some kings of the Shang dynasty.
The Metaphysical Properties of Jadeite
Also known as the dream stone, jadeite is associated in lore with dream recall and dream journaling. It is a symbol of harmony in relationships and shared goals, and of tranquility and inner peace.
Jadeite is a symbol of serenity and purity that is said to bring friendship and good luck. In crystal lore it stands for self-esteem, self-love and acceptance, and it is often given to shy or lonely friends as a token of friendship.
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Jade beads, tumbled stones and chips are popular for jewellery makers and gift shops, and shop owners can start with the jade collection.
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